The State of Qatar, which occupies the Qatar Peninsula jutting into the Persian Gulf from eastern Saudi Arabia, has an area of 4,247 sq. mi. (11,000 sq. km.) and a population of 382,000. Capital: Doha. The traditional occupations of pearling, fishing, and herding have been replaced in economics by petroleum-related industries. Crude oil, petroleum products, and tomatoes are exported. , Dubai is one of the seven United Arab Emirates (formally Trucial States) located along the southern shore of the Persian Gulf. It has a population of about 60,000. Qatar, which initiated protective treaty relations with Great Britain in 1820, achieved independence on September 3, 1971, upon withdrawal of British military presence from the Persian Gulf, and replaced its special treaty arrangement with Great Britain with a treaty of general friendship. Dubai attended independence on December 1, 1971, upon termination of Britain?s protective treaty with the trucial sheikhdoms, and on December 2, 1971, entered into the union of the United Arab Emirates.,, ,Despite the fact that the sultanate of Qatar and the sheikhdom of Dubai were merged under a monetary union, the two territories were governed independently from each other. Qatar now uses its own currency while Dubai used the United Arab Emirates currency and coins.,, Monetary System:,,, ,1 Riyal = 100 Dirhem,,