The Bailiwick of Guernsey, a British crown dependency located in the English Channel 30 miles (48 km.) west of Normandy, France, has an area 30 sq. mi. (78 sq. km.), including the islands of Alderney, Jethou, Herm, Brechou and Sark, and a population of 58,681. Capital: St. Peter Port. Agriculture and cattle breeding are the main occupations. ,Militant monks from the Duchy of Normandy established the first permanent settlements on Guernsey prior to the Norman invasion of England, but the prevalence of prehistoric monuments suggests an earlier occupancy. The island, the only part of the Duchy of Normandy belonging to the British crown, has been a possession of Britain since the Norman Conquest of 1066. During the Anglo-French Wars, the harbors of Guernsey were employed in the building and outfitting of ships for the English privateers preying on French shipping. Guernsey is administered by its laws and customs. Acts passed by the British Parliament ware not applicable to Guernsey unless the island is specifically mentioned. During World War II, German troops occupied the island form 1940 to 1944.,, Rulers:,,, ,British to 1940, 1944-,, ,German Occupation, June 1940-June 1944,, Monetary System:,,, ,1 Penny = 8 Doubles,, ,1 Shilling = 12 Pence,, ,5 Shillings = 6 Francs,, ,1 Pound = 20 Shillings to 1971,,